Possible explanations for the clinical groups' difficulty are explored. Of the two clinical groups, the autism group had the greater difficulty in achieving coherence. Moreover, the three experiments correlate with one another, which suggests that central coherence may be a unitary force in these different tasks. Taken together, these results suggest that individuals with an autism spectrum condition are impaired in achieving local coherence, and they have a preference not to strive for coherence unless instructed to do so, or unless they make a conscious decision to do so. Central coherence refers to an in-built propensity to form meaningful links over a wide range of stimuli and to generalize over as wide a range of contexts as possible. To our knowledge, this is the first randomized controlled trial using an control condition evaluating the efficacy and effectiveness of CRT as a treatment enhancer preceding TAU for AN, and the first study to investigate CRT in OCD, moreover taking cost-effectiveness of CRT in AN and OCD into account. The findings from Experiments 2 and 3 suggest that individuals with autism or Asperger syndrome have a difficulty in achieving local coherence, while the evidence from Experiment 1 suggests a preference not to strive for coherence. Experiment 3 demonstrated that individuals with an autism spectrum condition were less able to use context to interpret an auditorily presented ambiguous sentence. The clinical groups were less likely to select the most coherent (bridging) inference from competing alternatives. Experiment 2 presented scenarios which had a situation and outcome which only cohered if a bridging inference was drawn. Experiment 1 demonstrated that individuals with an autism spectrum condition were less likely to use the sentence context spontaneously to provide the context-appropriate pronunciation of a homograph. Local coherence is the ability to make contextually meaningful connections between linguistic information in short-term or working memory. Central coherence refers to a bias towards processing details (local processing) at the expense of paying attention to the bigger picture (global processing). Blackwell, Oxford.) is addressed by exploring linguistic processing in normally intelligent adults with either autism or Asperger syndrome, to test whether local coherence is impaired. Central coherence theory (Frith, U., 1989.
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